Stimulus for new industrial automation architecture

Application of new technology is a stimulus for the development of new industrial automation system solutions and architectures. These new technologies include; Internet of Things (IoT), big data and cloud computing. The industrial automation system segment has been under few changes over the years. But following developments are the major milestones in the evolution of industrial automation:

Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) –PLC was developed in 60s as a programmable device to replace relay control logic in machines and assembly processes, where large cabinets of relays, timers and sequencers were configured to control production devices such as motors, solenoids, and valves. These devices consumed a lot of power and physical space. Logic changes required huge planning, engineering, and wiring changes, all of which were expensive and potential to errors. Coil failures and contact wear and tear were difficult to diagnose and replace., PLCs were programmed to control the system and logic changes were dramatically simplified than hard wiring of these devices. The PLCs were programmed using Ladder Logic, used symbols similar to relay contacts, coils, and timers. By organizing these symbols in ladder rungs, the engineer created a control logic sequence. This method of programming greatly simplified the process for engineers and technicians.

Distributed Control System (DCS) – DCSs were developed for process control applications in 70s. Control elements used for process loop control using computers or microprocessors rather than pneumatic or electronic analog controllers.

Open Networks – Late 70s, standard open network communication protocols were established for industrial automation communications. Control systems provided coordinated control which required networking of control processors. Initially vendors developed and supplied their own proprietary, closed protocols. Today, Ethernet has become most accepted industrial network, DCSs use Ethernet hardware and transport mechanisms, but they still have proprietary control network protocols.

IoT The scope of the Internet of Things (IoT) is very broad and varied applications; healthcare, energy metering, safety and security, transportation, entertainment etc. The concept of IoT is the networking of all physical objects. The development of technology for high volume IoT applications is already available for low cost industrial automation solutions. Today this technology can be leveraged to develop programmable industrial automation edge devices.

Some experienced industrial automation people use Raspberry PI. These are like wired / wireless computers used for historical information from field sensors, and also communicating with industrial automation systems, historians, and enterprise business systems.

Cloud Analytics Cloud services are rapidly being developed for IoT applications that can be directly applied to industrial automation applications. Early Adopters & Laggards Industrial Automation analysts and vendors frequently talk about users that are innovators, early adopters, late majority and laggards for adopting industrial automation system. 

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Building automation system

Modern buildings are complex structures with many aspects. This is true whether the building is an office tower or a manufacturing plant building automation system is of vital importance. The aim of Building automation system is to create an intelligent, effective building by reducing energy and maintenance costs of the facility. Nowadays, modern buildings implement building automation through DDCs which are microprocessor-based controllers. These controllers perform control logic through software.

Every modern building generally has a complete water distribution system, and some even have water treatment and disposal facilities inside them. These systems require instruments like flow m, level, pressure transmitters, wet chemistry analyzers and an entire set of controllers. These controllers will send signals to sensors, valves, variable frequency drives, and other final control elements, they are either wired or wireless, connected more likely through digital networking protocols.

Temperature, humidity, and lighting is to be monitored and controlled in any modern building. Fire detection and alarm systems, electronics surveillance systems are important to any modern building. Modern HMI/SCADA panels are used to visualize all the process parameters on real time basis.

Anyone related to infrastructure sector, who is a building automation engineer, operator, or maintenance technician, is working with some of the most complex building automation systems ever designed. They are responsible to operate extremely complex air handlers and heating, ventilation and air conditioning, HVAC systems.

New trends in building automation system: include air conditioning and heating systems and lighting systems that react to the presence or absence of people automatically. Today boiler control systems use automatic corrosion monitoring and detection systems. And there is a serious concern about cyber security of building automation and control systems and the physical security systems that are integrated directly into the building's other automation systems.There are forums which provide resources to you as a building automation system professional, and provide technical forums and networking with other building automation professionals experienced and passionate about the subject.

The process of Building automation involves following functions:

· HVAC Design drafting and controlling
· Smart Lighting
· CCTV Surveillance system and access control system
· Fire detection and alarm system
· Vertical transportation/Lift management system
· Energy management system and un-interrupted power distribution
· Smart Communication system within public spaces

Nowadays, focus is on cutting the cost by streamlining building operations HVAC and lighting. Proper implementation of Building automation System can reduce the annual operating costs of buildings through effective monitoring and optimization.

Sofcon India Pvt Ltd has PAN India presence and capability to execute any level of training need on the above subjects, either at Sofcon Training centers or customer locations.

 

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